Key Points
- This study aims to explore serum cystatin C and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate's predictive value for incident hypertension in middle-aged men.
- Measured serum cystatin C levels in 904 nonhypertensive Japanese male subjects aged 44±6 years during health examinations.
- Simultaneously measured serum creatinine levels and calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate.
- Followed subjects for up to 4 years with annual blood pressure measurements recorded.
- 124 subjects developed hypertension during follow-up; the highest quintile of serum CysC had a hazard ratio of 2.60 (95% CI 1.41-4.77; P=0.002) for incident hypertension.
- The multi-adjusted hazard ratio for this group was 1.89 (95% CI 1.26-2.84; P=0.002) compared to the lowest 4 quintiles combined.
- No significant hazard ratios for incident hypertension were associated with eGFRCreat in any of the adjusted models.
Structured PICO
Does elevated serum cystatin C predict incident hypertension better than creatinine-based eGFR in middle-aged nonhypertensive men?
PPopulation904 nonhypertensive Japanese male subjects, mean age 44±6 years, receiving an annual general health examination at a company.
IInterventionElevated serum cystatin C (CysC) levels (highest quintile)
CComparatorLower serum cystatin C levels (third quintile or lowest 4 quintiles combined) and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCreat)
OOutcomeIncident hypertension (defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medications) over a maximum 4-year follow-upsurrogate
Elevated serum cystatin C, but not creatinine-based eGFR, is a significant predictor of incident hypertension in middle-aged men.