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A battery-less thermoelectric energy harvesting interface circuit to extract electrical energy from human body heat is implemented in a 0.35 CMOS process. A mechanically assisted startup circuit enables operation of the system from input voltages as low as 35 mV. An efficient control circuit that performs maximal transfer of the extracted energy to a storage capacitor and regulates the output voltage at 1.8 V is presented.
Ramadass et al. (Tue,) studied this question.