Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The long-term operational stability of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules is critically undermined by corrosion-induced degradation, which manifests through complex as well as diverse electrochemical and environmental interactions declining the levelised cost of electricity (LCOE). Corrosion mechanism affects the key PV components such as metallic interconnects, front and rear contacts, encapsulants, backsheets and solder joints Furthermore, corrosion pathways including the silver migration, aluminium frame oxidation, potential induced degradation (PID), moisture drive delamination are examined due to high humidity, salt mist deposition and acidic atmospheric pollutants. A structured evaluation framework discussing the electrical performance deterioration, mechanical integrity loss, material composition analysis and chemical transformation dynamics are presented in detail . Moreover, the state-of-the-art mitigation strategies are explored, encompassing advanced anti-corrosion coatings, next-generation encapsulants with superior moisture barriers, fluoropolymer-based backsheets and design optimisations aimed at enhancing hydrophobicity and electrochemical resilience. The article also emphasises the importance of advanced diagnostic techniques such as electrical parameter measurements, imaging methods and emerging data-driven analytics, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). These modern approaches enable real-time monitoring, fault classification and predictive maintenance to enhance PV system reliability to ensure long-term efficiency and sustainability.
Behera et al. (Wed,) studied this question.