Key result
Youth with type 2 diabetes had significantly lower global cerebral blood flow compared to obese controls (49.7 vs. 63.8 ml/gm/min, p < 0.001).
Why the study?
The cerebral vasculature may be susceptible to adverse effects of type 2 diabetes, but cerebral blood flow and its link to carotid intima-medial thickness were not well characterized in youth.
Does type 2 diabetes reduce cerebral blood flow in youth compared to obese controls?
Cross-Sectional (n=39)
Does type 2 diabetes reduce cerebral blood flow in youth compared to obese controls?
Absolute Event Rate: 49.7% vs 63.8%
p-value: p=<0.001
Youth with type 2 diabetes have significantly lower cerebral blood flow compared to obese controls, which inversely correlates with carotid IMT, suggesting early cerebrovascular impairment.
May indicate early cerebrovascular risk in youth with type 2 diabetes; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before practice change.
AIM: The cerebral vasculature may be susceptible to the adverse effects of type 2 diabetes. In this pilot study, we compared cerebral blood flow (CBF) in youth with type 2 diabetes to obese, euglycemic controls, and explored the association between CBF and a non-invasive measure of atherosclerosis, carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT). METHODS: Global and regional CBF were compared between youth with type 2 diabetes (mean age 16.7 ± 2.0 years, n = 20) and age, race, and sex similar obese youth without diabetes (17.4 ± 1.9 years, n = 19) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Mean CBF values were compared between groups. Voxel-wise results were evaluated for statistical significance (p < 0.05) after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Carotid IMT in the type 2 diabetes group was correlated with CBF. RESULTS: Compared to obese controls, the type 2 diabetes group had significantly lower global CBF (49.7 ± 7.2 vs. 63.8 ± 11.5 ml/gm/min, p < 0.001). Significantly lower CBF was observed in multiple brain regions for the type 2 diabetes group, while no regions with higher CBF were identified. In the type 2 diabetes group, carotid IMT was inversely correlated with CBF, both globally (r = -0.70, p = 0.002) and in regional clusters. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, lower CBF was seen in youth with type 2 diabetes compared to youth with obesity and IMT was inversely correlated with CBF. Cerebrovascular impairment may be present in youth with type 2 diabetes. These findings could represent a mechanistic link to explain previously reported brain volume and neurocognitive differences.
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Redel et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes (n=39). Type 2 diabetes vs. Obese, euglycemic controls was evaluated on Global cerebral blood flow (CBF) (p=<0.001). Youth with type 2 diabetes had significantly lower global cerebral blood flow compared to obese controls (49.7 vs. 63.8 ml/gm/min, p < 0.001).
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