Key result
Higher depressive symptoms in Spokane male police officers were associated with more metabolic syndrome components (p-trend=0.003) and increased odds of hypertension by 51.8% per 5-unit CES-D rise.
Why the study?
Are depressive symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome in police officers?
Cross-Sectional
Yes
Are depressive symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome in police officers?
Higher depressive symptoms are associated with increased odds of metabolic syndrome components such as hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and glucose intolerance in male police officers.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypothesis-generating in male police officers; leaves open causality, generalizability, and whether treating depression improves metabolic outcomes.
Policing is one of the most dangerous and stressful occupations and such stress can have deleterious effects on health. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in male and female police officers from two study populations, Buffalo, NY and Spokane, WA. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale. MetSyn was defined using the 2005 AHA/NHBLI guidelines. Analysis of covariance was used to describe differences in number of MetSyn components across depressive symptom categories. The number of MetSyn components increased significantly across categories of CES-D for Spokane men only (p-trend = 0.003). For each 5-unit increase in CES-D score, odds increased by 47.6% for having hypertriglyceridemia, by 51.8% for having hypertension, and by 56.7% for having glucose intolerance. Exploring this association is important since both are predictors of future chronic health problems and the results could be helpful in developing future gender-specific prevention and intervention efforts among police officers.
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Hartley et al. (2012) conducted a cross-sectional in Metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms was evaluated on Number of metabolic syndrome components (p=0.003). Higher depressive symptoms in Spokane male police officers were associated with more metabolic syndrome components (p-trend=0.003) and increased odds of hypertension by 51.8% per 5-unit CES-D rise.
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