Key result
A high salt diet alone generated a hypertensive state faster, with a significant difference in blood pressure at one week compared to the other three groups (p<0.05).
Why the study?
To determine whether a modification to the Goldblatt method and an additional high salt consumption could be a more effective method in developing a mouse model of hypertension.
Does a modified Goldblatt 2K1C method and/or high salt diet effectively induce hypertension in a mouse model?
RCT (n=32)
Randomized
Does a modified Goldblatt 2K1C method and/or high salt diet effectively induce hypertension in a mouse model?
A high salt diet induces rapid hypertension suitable for short-term studies, whereas a modified Goldblatt 2K1C ligation method produces a steadier blood pressure increase suitable for long-term hypertension models in mice.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High-salt diet may inform short-term mouse model selection; leaves open validation before any translational use.
The Goldblatt method is one of several methods that can be used in making mouse model of hypertension. The principle of the Goldblatt method itself aims to cause renovascular hypertension by constricting renal blood vessels that results in hypoxic injury and consequently affects the RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System). This study aims to determine whether a modification to the Goldblatt method and an additional high salt consumption could be a more effective method in developing a mouse model of hypertension. This study was done on DDY strain mice with 4 weeks of age and 25-30 grams of weight. A simple ligation to constrict renal blood vessel was used as modification from the original Goldblatt 2K1C (two-kidney, one-clip) method. A total of 32 mice were randomized to receive either a modified Goldblatt, modified Goldblatt with salt diet, sham surgery only, or sham with salt diet. Blood pressure was measured at baseline, first week after intervention, and second week after intervention. The data was then analysed by repeated ANOVA method. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to analyse histology appearance. This study showed that using a high salt diet only-method generated a hypertensive state faster compared to the modified Goldblatt method, while the modified Goldblatt method produced a steadier increase of blood pressure. Statistically, there was a significant difference of blood pressure between the sham and salt diet group compared to the other three groups at the first week after intervention (p<0,05). The resulting blood pressure from all the methods used in this study was influenced by time. From all four interventions, it is concluded that the modified Goldblatt 2K1C arterial ligation method with an additional high salt consumption had an effect on mice blood pressure. It is prospective to use the salt intervention method for study of hypertension with a short-time period because its acute effect on the rise of diastolic blood pressure was more rapid than the other three groups. On the other hand, the ligation group produced a steadier increase in diastolic blood pressure, therefore might be effective to be used for study of hypertension in a long-time period.
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Khairani et al. (2019) conducted an RCT in Hypertension (n=32). Modified Goldblatt 2K1C arterial ligation and/or high salt diet vs. Sham surgery was evaluated on Blood pressure (p=<0.05). A high salt diet alone generated a hypertensive state faster, with a significant difference in blood pressure at one week compared to the other three groups (p<0.05).
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