Key result
Prolonged expiration breathing during exercise at 40% VO2max significantly attenuated the decrease in parasympathetic nervous activity and entropy compared to normal breathing.
Why the study?
Does prolonged expiration breathing during exercise improve autonomic nervous activity and cardiovascular responses in healthy men?
Does prolonged expiration breathing during exercise improve autonomic nervous activity and cardiovascular responses in healthy men?
p-value: p=<0.05
Prolonged expiration during exercise activates parasympathetic nervous activity and restrains excessive heart rate increases in healthy young men.
May support autonomic modulation during low-intensity exercise in healthy adults; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change practice.
PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of prolonged expiration (PE) on respiratory and cardiovascular responses and autonomic nervous activity during the exercise.METHODS : Twenty-five healthy men (22±1years) were classified according to the breathing mode during the exercise : 2-second inspiration and 4-second expiration in 1 : 2 group, 3-second inspiration and 3-second expiration in 1 : 1 group and normal breathing in control group. The 6-minute exercise was performed at anaerobic threshold (AT) and 60%AT using a cycle ergometer as an exercise protocol. Respiratory rate (RR) and tidal volume (TV) were measured by the expired gas analysis. The power of low- (LF) and high-frequency components (HF) was analyzed from a Holter electrocardiogram to assess the heart rate variability. RESULTS : RR and LF/HF were significantly lower, TV and HF were significantly higher during the exercise of 60%AT and AT in the 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 groups than in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The increase of HR was significantly lower and that of HF was significantly higher during the exercise at 60%AT in the 1 : 2 group than in the 1 : 1 group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION : PE activated the parasympathetic nervous activity and consequently restrained an excessive increase of HR during the exercise at 60%AT.
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Matsumoto et al. (2008) studied Healthy (n=10). Prolonged expiration breathing vs. Normal breathing was evaluated on High-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability and entropy during exercise (p=<0.05). Prolonged expiration breathing during exercise at 40% VO2max significantly attenuated the decrease in parasympathetic nervous activity and entropy compared to normal breathing.
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