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We investigate divergence-type theories describing the dissipative interaction between a field and a fluid. We look for theories which, under equilibrium conditions, reduce to the theory of a Klein-Gordon scalar field and a perfect fluid. We show that the requirements of causality and positivity of entropy production put nontrivial constraints to the structure of the interaction terms. These theories provide a basis for the phenomonological study of the reheating period.
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Calzetta et al. (2001) studied this question.
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