Municipalities of Russia: New Approaches to Typology and Assessment of the Socioeconomic Situation

The article proposes a typology of municipalities in Russia based on an assessment of the main parameters of the settlement system. The features of the typology are the allocation of regional administrative centers into a separate group, the consideration of a wide range of urban agglomerations (starting with urban agglomerations including cities with populations over 100 000 people), and a detailed accounting of the rural population density. Among the innovations of the typology is the identification, based on statistical data, of suburban municipalities (by population density) and municipalities with widespread use of the shift work method (by the ratio of the number of people employed in large and medium-sized enterprises to the number of people of working age and older). For the 12 types of municipalities identified, assessments were made of the level (in 2021) and dynamics (with respect to 2016) of the population and taxable cash income of the population, which made it possible to confirm the highest level of income in the capital cities and centers of mineral extraction, the dependence of the well-being of cities on their population size, the increase in the problems of municipalities with increasing distance from the regions’ capitals and decrease in the rural population density, as well as to show the differences between the immediate suburbs of cities and all other municipalities within urban agglomerations.