Key result
A heat-stable vascular permeability factor of renal origin, distinct from renin, was purified and shown to enhance vascular permeability and induce early degenerative changes in skin arterioles.
The study identifies a novel, heat-stable renal vascular permeability factor distinct from renin that may play a role in the early development of hypertensive arterial lesions.
May implicate renal permeability factors in early hypertensive arteriolosclerosis; leaves open relevance to human disease.
Since the first discovery by Winternitz et al, various investigators have indicated the presence of renal substances inducing necrotic arterial lesions. Because of the similarity of the vascular lesions to those found in cases of malignant hypertension and cerebro-vascular disease, it has been suggested that the substances are mediators of arterial lesions in hypertensive vascular disease.The present paper deals with a vascular permeability factor of renal origin other than renin, and the main purpose is to describe its character and method of purification.A vascular permeability factor was purified from the kidney extract of normal rats by estimating dye permeability in the skin vessels of rabbits as a measure of its enhancement of vascular permeability. The purification procedure included Sephadex G-50 chromatography and hydroxyl apatite chromatography. Throughout two chromatographic steps, specific activity of permeability factor increased approx. 50 times.The factor was not dialyzable and its molecular weight was approx. 20, 000. It appeared to be different from renal proteases including renin which was well known as renal vascular injury factor, due to its heat-stable nature: Dye permeability activity was not eliminated by heat treatment at 100°C for 10min., whereas the activity of renin and protease was completely inactivated by the same treatment.The duration of the factor's effect was longer than that of histamine, and the degree of permeability activity induced by the factor reached a maximal level at 30-60min. and subsided at 120min. after the injection.Permeability factor not only induced dye permeability in rabbit's skins tested but also resulted in the retention of ascites in the same animals. Effusion inducing activity of the factor was considered a manifestation of enhanced vascular permeability caused by the factor via the systemic circulation route.Although the intradermal injection of the factor could not induce so-called angionecrosis of small arteries in the skin sites where the factor was injected, some early, degenerative changes of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cell in the skin arteriole were observed.Thus, the present paper revealed the presence of renal vascular permeability factor other than renin and its character. The role of this vascular permeability factor for the development of arterial lesions was discussed.
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Ooyama et al. (1977) studied Vascular permeability. Vascular permeability factor (PF-2) of renal origin vs. Phosphate buffer / Renin was evaluated on Dye permeability in skin vessels. A heat-stable vascular permeability factor of renal origin, distinct from renin, was purified and shown to enhance vascular permeability and induce early degenerative changes in skin arterioles.
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