Key result
The combined use of oral contraceptives and smoking was associated with a 7.2-fold increased risk of acute myocardial infarction compared with non-smokers and non-users (RR 7.2; 95% CI 2.1-24.7).
Why the study?
Does the use of oral contraceptives and smoking increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction in women aged 35-49 years?
Cohort (n=2,653)
Yes
Does the use of oral contraceptives and smoking increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction in women aged 35-49 years?
The combined use of oral contraceptives and smoking synergistically increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction in young women.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant risk assessment in smokers considering oral contraceptives; leaves open causal confirmation and relevance to current formulations.
The use of oral contraceptives (OC) and smoking habits were studied by using a questionnaire in a random population sample of women from two counties of Eastern Finland in 1972. The participation rate was 95%. Data on use of OC and smoking were collected for 2,653 women aged 35-49 years. During the next seven years, 27 of them had developed an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Smokers had a 2.6-fold (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2-6.0) crude risk of developing AMI compared with non-smokers. Women taking OC had a 1.3-fold (95% CI = 0.4-6.9) risk of developing AMI compared with those who did not. Women who both smoked and used OC had a 7.2-fold (95% CI = 2.1-24.7) risk of AMI compared with non-smokers and non-users of OC. The results indicate that use of OC is associated with an excessive risk of AMI among female smokers.
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Jukka T. Salonen (1982) conducted a cohort in Acute myocardial infarction (n=2,653). Oral contraceptives and smoking vs. Non-smokers and non-users of oral contraceptives was evaluated on Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (RR 7.2, 95% CI 2.1-24.7). The combined use of oral contraceptives and smoking was associated with a 7.2-fold increased risk of acute myocardial infarction compared with non-smokers and non-users (RR 7.2; 95% CI 2.1-24.7).
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