The Impact of Judaism and Christianity and Their Impact on the Society of The Arabian Peninsula Before the Prophet's Mission

This research examines the areas where early Judaism and Christianity were present and their centers of spread in the Arabian Peninsula, as well as the intellectual and social impact resulting from this presence and interaction with pre-Islamic Arab tribal society, which manifested in several aspects. Simultaneously, the research explores the influence of pre-Islamic Arab society on the followers of both religions in the Arabian Peninsula. The research is divided into three sections. The first section addresses the study area (the Arabian Peninsula). The second section examines the influence of Judaism on pre-Islamic Arab society, beginning with the term "Judaism," then the centers of Jewish presence in the Arabian Peninsula, and the impact of Judaism on literature, including language, poetry, ancient Arabic proverbs, folklore, myths, legends, and magic. Finally, it presents the influence of Judaism on pre-Islamic Arab society in terms of language and poetry. The third axis presented details about the impact of Christianity and its influence on Arab society before the Prophetic mission, by addressing Christianity as a name and its centers of presence in the Arabian Peninsula before the Prophetic mission and its impact on pre-Islamic Arab society in the literary aspect in terms of language, poetry, proverbs and artistic impact, and its influence on Arab society before the Prophetic mission. The study concludes that Judaism and Christianity were mutually influenced by the society of the Arabian Peninsula in several areas, including tribal values, the Arabic language especially its script poetry and proverbs, as well as myths, legends, magic, incantations, and other cultural elements.