Sclerotherapy for Aneurysmal Bone Cyst in Canine

BACKGROUND: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are frequently reported in human medicine but are rarely described in pet animals. OBJECTIVE: To report sclerotherapy as a modality for treating ABC. METHODS: A 10-year-old neutered female German Shepherd dog (31 kg) was presented with a history of 3-4 weeks progressive right forelimb lameness and swelling localized to the distal radius. CT imaging performed at a local facility identified an expansile lytic lesion affecting the distal radius, involving the articular surface. Differential diagnosis included osteosarcoma, giant cell tumour or ABC. A bone biopsy was obtained from the wall of the sclerotic lesion and radiographic findings confirmed the diagnosis of ABC. Approximately 6 mL sclerosant(3% polidocanol solution) was administered into the cystic cavity percutaneously under general anaesthesia. RESULTS: Survey radiographs at the 8th-week post-treatment showed healing of the affected area, yet multiple cystic areas could be seen. The dog regained a normal symmetrical forelimb muscle tone bilaterally and no evidence of lameness was observed during walking or trotting at the 7-month follow-up examination. CONCLUSION: This therapeutic approach may represent a promising option in management of ABC in canines.