What question did this study set out to answer?

To systematically review literature on board diversity and ESG outcomes, identifying key trends and research gaps.

Board Structure and ESG Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review and Pathways for Future Research

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Comprehensive review explores the link between board diversity and ESG outcomes, indicating gaps for future exploration.

To systematically review literature on board diversity and ESG outcomes, identifying key trends and research gaps.
Conducted a systematic review of 265 scholarly articles in English indexed in Scopus and Web of Science.
Analyzed thematic trends in board diversity, focusing on gender and independence while noting other dimensions like age and expertise.
Developed a framework to present current research gaps and future directions in board diversity and ESG.
Identified that the majority of studies focus on gender and independence, with less emphasis on other diversity characteristics.
Found that board characteristics are often studied in isolation rather than in combination, affecting financial performance and ESG quality.
Established a lack of research on how board diversity influences the qualitative aspects of ESG disclosures.

Mahran et al. (2026) studied this question.

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