Key result
Subarachnoid hemorrhage patients have the highest risk among neurology patients of developing takotsubo syndrome, which occurs in approximately 0.8% to 30% of cases.
Why the study?
Cardiac syndromes are regularly seen in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality across a large variety and severity.
This review highlights that subarachnoid hemorrhage is a primary cause of takotsubo syndrome, occurring in 0.8-30% of SAH patients, and discusses related cardiac complications.
Supports cardiac monitoring in subarachnoid hemorrhage; leaves open prospective validation of incidence and management.
INTRODUCTION: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is caused by a ruptured intracranial aneurysm leading to acute extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space. SAH has an incidence of 6.3 per 100,000 persons per year in Europe and accounts for 5% of all strokes. SAH occurs at a relatively young age and has poor clinical outcomes and high mortality rates. Cardiac syndromes are regularly seen in patients with acute neurologic disease including SAH. These cardiac complications of SAH are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and present in a large variety and severity. AREAS COVERED: The main goal of this review is to describe the SAH-related cardiac syndromes. Secondly, we will provide an overview of the underlying pathophysiology regarding the development of cardiac syndromes. Thirdly, we will describe the impact of cardiac syndromes on patient outcome. EXPERT OPINION: Of all neurology patients, SAH patients have the highest risk of developing takotsubo syndrome (TTS), occurring in about 0.8-30% of patients. Both TTS and neurogenic stunned myocardium have many similarities on echocardiographic evaluation. In European Cardiology consensus, SAH is recognized as a primary cause of TTS.
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Deenen et al. (2022) conducted a review in Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and related cardiac syndromes. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was evaluated on Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Subarachnoid hemorrhage patients have the highest risk among neurology patients of developing takotsubo syndrome, which occurs in approximately 0.8% to 30% of cases.
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