The Role of High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein and Lipoprotein (a) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Cases as Severity and Early Atherogenic Markers

C hronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a Chronic Respiratory Disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation which is poorly reversible and often associated with systemic manifestations.Although COPD is a complex, heterogenous condition, it can be prevented as well as treated if identified earlier.Accounting for more than 3 million deaths worldwide in 2019, it is one of the leading causes of mortality as well as morbidity especially in low-and middle-income countries in patients under 70 years of age 1,2 .COPD patients have a significant systemic inflammation which can be identified by the elevated levels of a potential biomarker called high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP).With the recent advances in the methods used for measuring the elevated biomarkers in COPD patients we will be able to identify even low levels of hs-CRP.Systemic inflammation occurring in COPD patients leads to a hypercoagulable state with increased risk of atherogenesis even after the exclusion of smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors from the affected patients.This hypercoagulable state and atherogenesis in COPD patients can be identified using the marker Lipoprotein(a). AIMS AND OBJECTIVES• To estimate the levels of bio markers [hs-CRP and Lipoprotein(a)] in COPD patients.• To assess the correlation of hs-CRP with the severity of the disease and Lipoprotein(a) with the risk of atherosclerotic disease in COPD patients.• To find out the association between the biomarkers and Socio-demographic variables such as Age, Sex, BMI and smoking habits in COPD patients.