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Nationwide trends in hospitalizations and clinical outcomes for meningitis and encephalitis: A 10-year Swiss population-based study

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Retrospective cohort study assesses trends and outcomes of CNS infections in a Swiss population, indicating age-related risks.

To evaluate nationwide trends and clinical outcomes for meningitis and encephalitis in Switzerland over a 10-year period.
Nationwide, retrospective cohort study using hospital discharge data from January 2012 to December 2021.
Included all hospitalizations for infectious meningitis and encephalitis, totaling 23,426 cases.
Utilized descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analysis to assess trends and outcomes.
Overall incidence of CNS infections rose from 22 to 34 per 100,000 inhabitants between 2012 and 2019, with a decline in 2020-2021.
Bacterial meningitis had higher odds of ICU admissions (OR 8.40; 95% CI, 7.29 to 9.67) and higher in-hospital mortality (OR 4.23; 95% CI, 2.95 to 6.05) compared to viral meningitis.
Higher rates of enteroviral and streptococcal meningitis were observed in children, while bacterial infections were more common in older adults.

Essmann et al. (2026) studied this question.

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