Assessment of the Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Analysis with a Control Group

Objective: Previous studies have reported an association between the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio and diabetic complications; however, its role prior to the development of overt complications remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications and to compare them with those in patients with established microvascular complications and healthy controls. In addition, the association between the fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio and glycemic parameters was examined.Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 305 patients (244 with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 61 controls), aged 27–77 years, followed at the Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary hospital between October 1, 2023, and March 31, 2024. Patients with diabetes were categorized into four subgroups with equal sample sizes: those without diabetic complications, those with isolated diabetic neuropathy, those with isolated microalbuminuria, and those with at least two diabetic complications. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, fibrinogen, fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio, albumin, and microalbumin levels were compared between the groups. To identify the independent predictors of the burden of complications, a multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied.Results: The fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio did not differ significantly between the controls and patients without complications (p>0.05); however, it was significantly elevated in patients with complications (p