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June 7, 2026Diabetes

Longer diabetes duration links to ~9% greater carotid plaque burden in young adults with T2D.

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Why the study?

Early-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile and increased cardiovascular risk, prompting characterization of cardiovascular risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in these young adults.

Population

179 individuals with T2D diagnosed at ≤50 years and current age ≤55 years

Design

Observational study

Key result

Longer diabetes duration (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.17) and smoking exposure (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.07) were independently associated with greater carotid plaque burden in young adults with T2D.

Authors

MMManel Mateu-SalatABAntonio‐Jesús Blanco‐CarrascoAAAlessandro Atzeni

Discussion

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Overview

May inform early risk stratification in young T2D; leaves open whether duration or smoking are causal targets.

Key Points

  • This study aims to characterize cardiovascular risk and detect subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults with type 2 diabetes.
  • Observational study involving young adults with type 2 diabetes diagnosed at ≤50 years.
  • Participants underwent clinical assessments, biochemistry tests, and carotid ultrasound for atherosclerosis detection.
  • SCORE2-Diabetes was used for estimating cardiovascular risk in participants.
  • 179 participants were included; median age was 45 years and median diabetes duration was 4 years.
  • Subclinical atherosclerosis detected in 31% of participants who underwent carotid ultrasound, with plaque burden associated with longer diabetes duration and smoking exposure.
  • No significant differences were found based on sex, smoking status, BMI, lipid profile, or calculated CV risk.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=179)

Structured PICO

P
Population
179 young adults with type 2 diabetes diagnosed at ≤50 years and current age ≤55 years, assessed for cardiovascular risk and subclinical atherosclerosis.
O
Outcome
Presence of subclinical atherosclerosis detected by carotid ultrasoundsurrogate

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 1.09 (95% CI 1.01–1.17)

In young adults with early-onset type 2 diabetes, subclinical atherosclerosis is common and independently associated with longer diabetes duration and smoking exposure, highlighting the need for early risk factor management.

Cite This Study

Mateu-Salat et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Type 2 diabetes (n=179). Diabetes duration was evaluated on Greater carotid plaque burden (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17). Longer diabetes duration (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.17) and smoking exposure (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.07) were independently associated with greater carotid plaque burden in young adults with T2D.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a250baa7def13d035e1bb47https://doi.org/10.2337/db26-2708-lb
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 11458-P: Cardiovascular Risk Is Higher in People with Type 1 Diabetes Living with Overweight or Obesity—Insights from the SFDT1 Cohort2024 · 1 citations
  2. 2185-OR: The Role of Optical Coherent Tomography in the Estimation of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Patients with Type 1 Diabetes2024
  3. 31279-P: Early Myocardial Structural Alterations in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: Preliminary Results from the Cardea Study2020
  4. 41404-P: Obesity Drives Cardiac Hypertrophy while Diabetic Kidney Disease Links to Myocardial Edema and Vascular Stiffness in Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes2026
  5. 52401-P: Genetic Regulation of Molecular Traits Enhances Precision Risk Stratification in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes2026