Key result
A healthy dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of achieving combined HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C targets compared to the lowest quartile.
Why the study?
Dietary patterns exhibit regional characteristics and are linked to metabolic status, but the relationship between specific dietary patterns and metabolic management in diabetic patients in Guangdong Province required investigation.
Does a healthy dietary pattern improve metabolic control (HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C) in adult diabetic patients?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,465)
Does a healthy dietary pattern improve metabolic control (HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C) in adult diabetic patients?
A healthy dietary pattern is associated with significantly better achievement of blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid targets in adult diabetic patients, independent of total caloric intake.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Should not yet change diabetes care; hypothesis-generating for dietary patterns improving combined targets.
Introduction and Objective: Dietary patterns exhibit regional characteristics and are intrinsically linked to the metabolic status of diabetic patients. This study investigated dietary habits in Guangdong Province to assess the relationship between specific dietary patterns and metabolic management in the diabetic population. Methods: Data were derived from the Guangdong section of the Chinese Diabetes Complications Study, including 1,465 patients. Medical history was obtained via questionnaires, and dietary habits over the previous year were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). Metabolic status was evaluated via HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified dietary patterns, with participants stratified into quartiles (Q1-Q3). Logistic regression determined the odds ratios (OR) associating dietary patterns with HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C levels. Significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The study included 1,465 subjects (median BMI 24.5 kg/m², HbA1c 7.1%, LDL-C 3.5 mmol/L, caloric intake 1,738.0 kcal/day). PCA identified a “healthy dietary pattern” characterized by high intake of whole grains, tubers, fresh fruits, dairy, and poultry. Compared to Q1, Q3 participants showed ORs for meeting HbA1c and blood pressure targets of 1.650 (CI 1.280 - 2.126) and 1.770 (CI 1.358 - 2.308), respectively (p<0.001). The OR for combined achievement of HbA1c, BP, and LDL-C targets was 2.745 (CI 1.356 - 5.561, p=0.005). These associations remained significant after adjusting for disease duration, age, marital status, gender, education, physical activity, smoking, alcohol, BMI, serum uric acid, uACR, and eGFR. Conclusion: Among the diabetic population in Guangdong Province, a prudent dietary pattern is beneficial for achieving blood glucose and blood pressure control targets. Simply controlling caloric intake does not necessarily lead to better metabolic benefits; attention should be paid to food components and dietary structure.
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CHEN et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Diabetes (n=1,465). Healthy dietary pattern vs. Lowest quartile (Q1) of healthy dietary pattern was evaluated on Combined achievement of HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C targets (OR 2.745, 95% CI 1.356 - 5.561, p=0.005). A healthy dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of achieving combined HbA1c, blood pressure, and LDL-C targets compared to the lowest quartile.
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