Spatial-temporal Evolution and Driving Mechanisms of Eco-environmental Quality in the Zhanmao Metropolitan Area

The accelerated urbanization has created significant ecological pressures in metropolitan areas. This study utilized Google Earth Engine (GEE) to evaluate the Remote-Sensing Economic Index (RSEI) of Zhanmao Metropolitan Area (ZMA) from 2000 to 2022. Spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms on RSEI were analyzed using trend analysis and machine learning. The results show a fluctuating upward trend in RSEI, predominantly at medium and good levels. More than 64% of the regions showed positive development, while most of the recessions occurred in central cities, counties, and peripheral districts. Topographic, natural, soil, and socioeconomic factors exerted differential influences on the RSEI. Temperature enhances the RSEI by promoting vegetation photosynthesis and extending the growing season. Land cover exerts a bidirectional influence: construction land expansion reduces eco-environmental quality by increasing impervious surfaces, while forests and shrublands improve it by enhancing water retention and local climate regulation. The positive effect of elevation and the inhibitory effects of other socioeconomic factors showed variable interannual impacts. This study provides a viable framework for evaluating eco- environmental quality in metropolitan regions, holding significant importance for balancing economic development and environmental protection.