Developing an HBIM-Based Framework for the Conservation and Management of Built Heritage in Vietnam

Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) has emerged as a significant digital methodology for documenting, conserving, and managing historic structures. By integrating geometric data, material information, and historical records within a unified digital environment, HBIM enables more systematic and transparent conservation practices. Nevertheless, in many developing countries, its implementation remains limited and fragmented. Barriers often include restricted access to advanced surveying technologies, insufficient technical expertise, weak inter-agency coordination, and the absence of supportive legal and policy frameworks that recognize digital models as authoritative records in conservation workflows. Addressing these challenges, this study proposes a context-sensitive HBIM framework tailored to the characteristics of Vietnam's heritage architecture and governance landscape. Focusing on selected heritage sites in Vietnam, the research combines high-resolution digital surveying, structured data processing, and the development of parametric HBIM components adapted to traditional architectural elements. In parallel, interviews with conservation professionals, site managers, and policy stakeholders are conducted to map existing decision-making processes and identify gaps in information exchange. This mixed-method approach allows the study to examine how digital data are generated, transferred, and applied across different phases of conservation, and where technical or institutional disconnects may occur. The resulting framework extends beyond model creation to encompass data governance, long-term maintenance planning, and public engagement strategies. By aligning digital workflows with regulatory procedures and conservation objectives, the study seeks to demonstrate how HBIM can function not only as a technical tool but also as a managerial and strategic platform. Ultimately, the research contributes practical recommendations and theoretical insights to support more resilient and integrated digital heritage management in emerging economies.