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June 11, 2026Human Ecology Research

Effects of Housework and Paid Work Time on Happiness Among Self-Employed Mothers: A Comparison with Wage-Employed Mothers

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Authors

JSJiwon SeoJLJung-Eun Lee

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Overview

Compares happiness determinants in self-employed and wage-employed mothers, highlighting significant differences.

Key Points

  • To examine and compare the factors affecting happiness among self-employed and wage-employed mothers with children.
  • Utilized data from the 9th wave (2023) of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families.
  • Included 168 self-employed mothers and 763 wage-employed mothers for comparative analysis.
  • Analyzed associations between work time, household responsibilities, and happiness levels.
  • Self-employed mothers spend more time on market work and less on commuting and household management.
  • Active leisure, fewer children, and lower education correlate with higher happiness among self-employed mothers.
  • For wage-employed mothers, longer caregiving time, younger age, and education level positively impact happiness.

Cite This Study

Seo et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2a517c80c8f91e7f39dc0chttps://doi.org/10.6115/her.2026.013
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Also Consider

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  4. 4Impact of Telecommuting on Division of Housework and Childcare in Dual-Earner Households : Case Studies of Japan and Korea2023
  5. 5A study on the Structural Relationship between Work-Family Transition, Daily Life Stress, and Subjective Happiness in Middle-aged Married Working Women2024