Harnessing Solar Energy for Electricity Generation and Green Hydrogen Production: A Sustainable Pathway for Low‐Carbon Transportation in Gaza

The Gaza Strip suffers from chronic electricity shortages, fossil fuel dependence, and severe air pollution. This study demonstrates the feasibility of coupling photovoltaic (PV) generation with proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis to produce green hydrogen production aimed at low‐carbon transportation. Three grid‐connected PV systems (10, 50, and 100 kW) were simulated using local solar irradiation data (5–6 kWh m −2 day −1 ) to evaluate electricity yield, hydrogen output, and CO 2 mitigation. The proposed system can produce significant amounts of hydrogen annually, reaching 260.68 kg, 1315.60 kg, and 2631.2 kg for the 10 kW, 50 kW, and 100 kW systems, respectively. The results also indicate a substantial reduction in CO 2 emissions due to the use of solar energy, with annual savings of 3129 kg, 15,788 kg, and 31,347 kg for the 10 kW, 50 kW, and 100 kW systems, respectively. The produced hydrogen powers fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), eliminating tailpipe CO 2 emissions—contrasting with 16.1 and 13.9 kg CO 2 per 100 km from diesel and gasoline vehicles, respectively. Results confirm that solar‐driven hydrogen is technically viable and environmentally advantageous for Gaza, offering substantial emission reductions and energy security gains. Remaining challenges include high capital costs, infrastructure needs, and workforce readiness. Strategic investments, efficiency improvements, and targeted policy incentives are recommended to accelerate deployment and align with global decarbonization goals.