Key result
AKI in MI with cardiogenic shock linked to ~30% higher 10-year mortality, CKD, and dialysis.
Why the study?
AKI has been linked to increased short-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock, but data on long-term outcomes are sparse.
Does acute kidney injury increase short- and long-term mortality and morbidity in patients with myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock?
Observational (n=1,473)
Yes
Does acute kidney injury increase short- and long-term mortality and morbidity in patients with myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock?
p-value: p=<0.001
In patients with myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock, the development of acute kidney injury is associated with significantly increased short- and long-term mortality, as well as higher rates of chronic kidney disease and dialysis at 10 years.
AKI was associated with higher mortality; leaves open whether prevention alters outcomes in acute cardiac cohorts.
AIMS: The recent DanGer shock trial found reduced mortality, but increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with a microaxial flow pump after an acute myocardial infarct with cardiogenic shock. AKI has previously been associated with increased short-term mortality, whereas data on long-term outcomes are sparse. We aimed to describe the frequency of AKI and associated risk factors as well as long-term mortality and morbidity. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective observational study comprising patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock in Denmark between 2010 and 2017 with data on kidney function from the RETROSHOCK cohort. National health registry data enabled 10-year follow-up to assess mortality and morbidity. Kaplan-Meier estimates and competing risks regression were used to evaluate the association of AKI with the incidence of short- and long-term mortality, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis. Among 1473 patients, 44% developed AKI, 25% required renal replacement therapy (RRT). AKI development was associated with increasing age, diabetes, low ejection fraction and high lactate levels on admission (P < 0.05). Thirty-days mortality as well as mortality at 1-, 5-, and 10-years follow-up was significantly increased in patients with AKI; at 10 years follow-up mortality was increased by more than 30% (P < 0.001). The 10-year cumulative incidence of both CKD and dialysis, accounting for the competing risk of death, was significantly higher in patients treated with RRT during admission (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: AKI was associated with increased short- and long-term mortality and morbidity, including CKD and dialysis, but not new cardiovascular events.
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Bjørn et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (n=1,473). Acute kidney injury (AKI) vs. No AKI was evaluated on 10-year mortality (p=<0.001). Acute kidney injury in patients with myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock was associated with a >30% increase in 10-year mortality (P<0.001) and higher incidence of CKD and dialysis.
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