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This review aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance and safety of various pleural biopsy methods for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion.

Diagnostic performance and safety of image-guided pleural biopsy and medical thoracoscopy for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

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This review aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance and safety of various pleural biopsy methods for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of studies related to pleural biopsy methods.
Inclusion of 64 studies involving 8744 patients to assess diagnostic yield and safety.
Subgroup analyses based on pleural nodules, biopsy needle types, and complication assessment.
Rigid medical thoracoscopy showed the highest diagnostic yield at 95.0%.
Closed pleural biopsy exhibited the lowest yield at 75.1%.
No significant differences in complication rates among biopsy methods, highlighting the need for tailored approaches.

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Systematic review compares diagnostic yield and safety of pleural biopsy methods, suggesting optimal approaches for undiagnosed effusions.

Lyu et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Systematic review compares diagnostic yield and safety of pleural biopsy methods, suggesting optimal approaches for undiagnosed effusions.