Microstructural Diversity in Dispersed Composites Governed by Inclusion Distribution

The microstructure of metal matrix composites is inherently governed by fabrication routes and processing parameters, yet technological and physical constraints often prevent the realization of intended structural designs. In particle-reinforced composites produced via casting, interactions between the solidification front and inclusions frequently lead to agglomeration, segregation, and hence, a non-uniform distribution of the inclusions concentration. To mitigate these effects, post-processing techniques such as Friction Stir Processing offering particular promise for cast materials by refining microstructures and enhancing phase homogeneity. This study addresses these challenges by application of Fourier transform analysis to characterize stochastic inclusion distributions. Building on the Windows Washing method, we extend its application to heterogeneous media with varying inclusion concentrations. Through computer simulations and experimental analysis of real composites, we demonstrate that discrete Fourier transform can reveal hidden stochastic periodicity. The proposed framework provides a pathway toward improved predictive models and optimization strategies for metal matrix composites processing and performance.