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June 12, 2026International Journal of General MedicineOpen Access

12-week HIIT is linked to a ~9% VO2max improvement in post-arrest AMI patients.

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Why the study?

The study was designed to explore the efficacy and safety of high-intensity interval training in patients with acute myocardial infarction with or without cardiac arrest.

Does high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve cardiopulmonary function in patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without cardiac arrest?

Population

100 patients with AMI who underwent primary PCI

Comparison

AMI patients with cardiac arrest vs without cardiac arrest undergoing HIIT

Design

Retrospective study

Follow-up

12-week duration

Key result

A 12-week high-intensity interval training program significantly improved maximum oxygen uptake from 21.96 to 23.85 mL/kg/min in acute myocardial infarction patients with a history of cardiac arrest.

Authors

YZYang ZengZZZequn ZhangJWJiajia Wu

Discussion

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Overview

HIIT was associated with improved VO2max and ventilatory efficiency in CAD; hypothesis-generating and requires randomized trials before practice change.

Key Points

  • Explore the efficacy and safety of high-intensity interval training in patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without cardiac arrest.
  • Retrospective analysis of 100 patients with AMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
  • HIIT program performed three times per week for 12 weeks.
  • Evaluation of cardiopulmonary function indices including VO2 max, AT, E/CO2 slope, OUES, METs, oxygen pulse, and HRR1.
  • In CA group, VO2 max increased from 21.96 to 23.85 mL/kg/min (P < 0.001).
  • AT increased from 15.01 to 15.97 mL/kg/min (P = 0.001).
  • OUES improved from 1762.49 to 1960.08 (P = 0.0078).

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=100)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve cardiopulmonary function in patients with acute myocardial infarction with and without cardiac arrest?

P
Population
100 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention, half of whom experienced cardiac arrest, participating in a 12-week high-intensity interval training program.
I
Intervention
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) program, 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Each session consists of 8 sets of 2-minute high-intensity exercise intervals (80%-90% heart rate reserve), interspersed with 7 sets of 2-minute low-to-moderate intensity recovery periods (40%-50% heart rate reserve), performed on a stationary bike.
C
Comparator
1:1 matched AMI patients who received PPCI treatment without experiencing cardiac arrest, undergoing the exact same 12-week HIIT program.
O
Outcome
Cardiopulmonary function indices including maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max), anaerobic threshold (AT), ventilatory efficiency (VE/CO2 slope), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), metabolic equivalents (METs), oxygen pulse (O2/HR), and heart rate recovery at 1 minute (HRR1) measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing after 12 weeks.surrogate

Main Result

Mean Difference: 1.89 (95% CI 1.31–2.47)

Absolute Event Rate: 23.85% vs 21.96%

p-value: p=<0.001

HIIT-based cardiac rehabilitation is safe and significantly improves cardiopulmonary function in AMI patients, with comparable benefits observed regardless of whether they experienced a prior cardiac arrest.

Limitations

  • Retrospective, single-center, observational design without randomization
  • Lack of a moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or non-exercise control group
  • Relatively small sample size
  • Long-term clinical endpoints such as mortality and rehospitalization rates were not evaluated
  • Retrospective, single-center, observational design
  • Potential selection bias without randomization and no adjustments for potential confounding variables
  • Lack of MICT or non-exercise control group

Cite This Study

Zeng et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Acute myocardial infarction with or without cardiac arrest (n=100). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. Pre-rehabilitation baseline was evaluated on Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) in the cardiac arrest group (MD 1.89, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.47, p=<0.001). A 12-week high-intensity interval training program significantly improved maximum oxygen uptake from 21.96 to 23.85 mL/kg/min in acute myocardial infarction patients with a history of cardiac arrest.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd1056550ea4541ffe81fhttps://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s610633
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