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June 12, 2026Diabetes

Clinical and preclinical obesity in Latino youth are linked to higher fat mass and abdominal adiposity.

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Why the study?

Cardiometabolic disease risk profiles in youth had not yet been characterized using the new obesity definitions set by The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Commission.

Do total, regional, and ectopic adipose tissue fat content and diabetes risk factors differ across Lancet Commission obesity phenotypes in Latino youth with BMI ≥95th percentile?

Population

117 Latino youth (12-16 y) with obesity (BMI≥95th%)

Comparison

Clinical Obesity vs Preclinical Obesity vs No Obesity phenotypes

Design

Cross-sectional analysis of baseline trial data

Key result

Clinical and preclinical obesity in Latino youth were associated with higher BMI%, waist circumference, fat mass, and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue compared to no obesity (all p<0.05).

Authors

MSMACY L. SHEPARDAPARMANDO PENA

Discussion

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Overview

Refines obesity phenotyping in Latino youth; leaves open whether clinical obesity improves cardiometabolic risk prediction.

Key Points

  • The study aims to characterize cardiometabolic disease risk profiles in youth using new obesity definitions.
  • Enrolled 117 Latino youth aged 12-16 with obesity (BMI≥95th%) from the Preventing Diabetes in Latino Youth study.
  • Assessed fat content using DXA and MRI, defined obesity phenotypes based on body fat and metabolic risk factors.
  • Conducted one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni corrections for comparison of groups.
  • 40% of participants had Clinical Obesity (CO), 41% Preclinical Obesity (PO), and 19% No Obesity (NO).
  • CO and PO exhibited significantly higher body fat, waist circumference, HOMA-IR, and insulin AUC versus NO.
  • CO showed lower adiponectin and oral disposition index than NO, indicating greater insulin resistance.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=117)

Structured PICO

Do total, regional, and ectopic adipose tissue fat content and diabetes risk factors differ across Lancet Commission obesity phenotypes in Latino youth with BMI ≥95th percentile?

P
Population
117 Latino youth aged 12-16 years with obesity (BMI≥95th%) assessed at baseline for cardiometabolic disease risk profiles.
E
Exposure
Clinical Obesity (CO) and Preclinical Obesity (PO) phenotypes based on Lancet Commission definitions
C
Comparator
No Obesity (NO) phenotype
O
Outcome
Total, regional, and ectopic adipose tissue fat content and diabetes risk factors (insulin dynamics, glucose regulation, adiponectin)surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

The Lancet Commission obesity definitions effectively stratify cardiometabolic risk and adiposity profiles among Latino youth with BMI ≥95th percentile.

Cite This Study

SHEPARD et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity (n=117). Clinical Obesity and Preclinical Obesity vs. No Obesity was evaluated on Total, regional, and ectopic adipose tissue fat content and diabetes risk factors (p=<0.05). Clinical and preclinical obesity in Latino youth were associated with higher BMI%, waist circumference, fat mass, and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue compared to no obesity (all p<0.05).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2bd1386550ea4541ffe96dhttps://doi.org/10.2337/db26-2075-p
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 12070-P: Adiposity Distribution and Emerging Diabetes Risk in Children2026
  2. 2Obesity, central adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: a family‐based study2014 · 117 citations
  3. 3High Prevalence of Anthropometric-Only Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Evidence from a Population-Based Study2026
  4. 4Ectopic Fat Deposition in Prediabetic Overweight and Obese Minority Adolescents2013 · 54 citations
  5. 5Prevalence of Preclinical and Clinical Obesity Among US Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 18 Years: <scp>NHANES</scp> 2017–20232026 · 2 citations