One-Stage Revision for Low-Grade Periprosthetic Infection with Staphylococcus hominis Following Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty: Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Low-grade periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are diagnostically challenging and often present with subtle clinical and laboratory findings. The optimal surgical strategy - one-stage or two-stage revision - remains controversial. Case Report: We report a 74-year-old male with a low-grade PJI due to Staphylococcus hominis 6 months after cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty. Despite normal inflammatory markers, negative aspirate culture, and inconclusive imaging, tissue cultures confirmed infection. The patient underwent a one-stage revision with a favorable outcome. The immediate post-operative management was complicated by deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, prompting consideration of the risks inherent in revision surgery. Conclusion: One-stage revision may be a viable option for selected patients with low-grade PJI, offering comparable infection control, improved functional outcomes, and lesser complications compared with two-stage revision.