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This research aims to assess the immune responses to the A/H3N2 influenza subclade K virus and evaluate vaccine effectiveness.

June 14, 2026EBioMedicineOpen Access

Assessment of human immunity to A/H3N2 influenza subclade K during 2025 emergence

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Randomized trial investigates immunity to 2025 A/H3N2 subclade K viruses, indicating effective vaccine response across all ages.

This research aims to assess the immune responses to the A/H3N2 influenza subclade K virus and evaluate vaccine effectiveness.
Characterized antigenic relationships of A/H3N2 viruses using antigenic cartography.
Conducted serological antibody profiling of four human cohorts using microneutralisation and haemagglutination inhibition assays.
Measured MN and HAI titres from 243 individuals across various age groups (1-105 years).
The 2025/26 seasonal eTIV vaccine significantly boosted MN and HAI titres against all tested A/H3N2 viruses, p < 0.001.
Pre-existing reactivity against subclade K was observed, with minimal age-related variation in immunity.
Antigenic drift occurred, but the vaccine still effectively increased neutralising antibody levels.

Harvey et al. (2026) studied this question.

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