Observational data indicate vaccine effectiveness of 72-75% in children and 32-39% in adults for influenza A(H3N2), suggesting it is effective for clinical disease.
Influenza A(H3N2) subclade K (J.2.4.1) has dominated the 2025/26 season start in England. Post-infection ferret antisera raised against northern hemisphere 2025/26 vaccine strains showed reduced reactivity to subclade K viruses in England, aligning with World Health Organization reports. Nevertheless, early post-vaccination, vaccine effectiveness against influenza-related emergency department attendances and hospital admissions remained within typical ranges, at 72-75% in children and adolescents (< 18 years) and 32-39% in adults. Hence, vaccination remains effective against clinical disease caused by influenza A(H3N2) viruses.
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Kirsebom et al. (2025) studied this question.
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