Therapeutic applications of green synthesized curcumin conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles derived from Livistona chinensis in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and complex endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovarian dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. This study investigates the biological properties of curcumin-conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles (Cur-ZnO NPs) synthesized via a green method using Livistona Chinensis leaf extract. Plant extract metabolites acted as natural capping and reducing agents, facilitating the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. The synthesized Cur-ZnO NPs were characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), revealing a spherical morphology with an average size of 30 nm and the presence of zinc oxide groups. In vitro assays demonstrated the biological activities of Cur-ZnO NPs, including 96.17 % antioxidant, 94.45 % anti-inflammatory, 92.72 % α -amylase inhibitory activity, 7 % anti-hemolytic, and significant antimicrobial properties. Computational analyses, including transcriptomic evaluation and molecular docking studies, revealed molecular interactions between the nanoparticles and PCOS associated genes such as MRPS12, RPS18, and RPS5 indicating potential biological relevance. Toxicity predictions indicated low predicted genetic toxicity and carcinogenicity, although these findings are preliminary and require experimental validation. Collectively, this study provides preliminary in vitro and in-silico insights into the biological properties of Green-synthesised Cur-ZnO NPs. Further in vivo studies are required to evaluate their safety, efficacy, and potential biomedical applications.