Assessment of Operating Room Staff Compliance with Radiation Safety Measures in Morocco: A Cross-sectional Study

The aim of this study was to assess the level of compliance of operating room personnel with radiation protection and safety measures against ionizing radiation. A cross-sectional study was conducted among operating room staff in three Moroccan hospitals equipped with a fluoroscopy system. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire addressing practices, knowledge, and attitudes related to radiation protection. Among participants, 78% considered wearing a personal dosimeter during image-guided procedures as necessary, yet only 16% reported actually using one. None of the respondents indicated receiving monthly or annual dosimetric reports. Regarding protective measures, 45% used only a lead apron, 25% relied on distance as a means of protection, and only 6% used both a lead apron and a thyroid shield. Concerning knowledge, 75% were unaware that distance is the most effective means of reducing exposure to ionizing radiation; 33% considered the lead apron as the main protective tool, while 42% had no idea. Finally, only 22% of respondents were familiar with the three fundamental principles of radiation protection (justification, optimization, limitation), and 17% mentioned two of them, mainly justification and optimization. This study highlights a low level of adherence to radiation protection measures among operating room staff, reflecting a lack of awareness and training. Strengthening education programs and standardizing protective practices are essential to enhance occupational safety.