Serial CAVI measurements were independently associated with cardiovascular outcomes (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.06-2.03; p=0.019), whereas a single baseline measurement was not.
Cohort (n=3,913)
Do serial Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) measurements improve the prediction of cardiovascular events compared to a single baseline measurement in adults without prior CAD or stroke?
Serial measurements of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) over time provide superior prediction of long-term cardiovascular events compared to a single baseline measurement.
Hazard Ratio: 1.47 (95% CI 1.06–2.03)
p-value: p=0.019
ABSTRACT Background Most studies evaluating the cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) as a marker of arterial stiffness are cross‐sectional, limiting insights into long‐term vascular changes. We investigated whether serial CAVI measurements improve the prediction of cardiovascular (CV) events beyond a single baseline value. Methods The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) study is a prospective cohort with 5‐year follow‐up intervals. Participants with prior coronary artery disease (CAD) or stroke were excluded. Demographic, clinical, laboratory data, medication use, and CAVI were collected. Serial CAVI was analyzed as a time‐varying covariate in Cox proportional hazards models, incorporating baseline, 5‐year, and 10‐year measurements. The primary composite CV outcomes comprised CAD, stroke, or CV death. Cox proportional hazards models assessed associations between baseline or serial CAVI and CV outcomes, adjusted for conventional risk factors. Results Among 3913 participants (mean age 49.0 ± 10.8 years; 73.4% male; BMI 24.3 ± 3.6 kg/m 2 ), mean CAVI increased from 7.7 ± 1.1 to 8.2 ± 1.3 over 10 years ( p < 0.001). During a median follow‐up of 9.1 ± 3.1 years, 0.8% experienced composite CV events. Serial CAVI was independently associated with CV outcomes (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.06–2.03; p = 0.019), whereas baseline CAVI was not (HR 1.14; 95% CI 0.93–1.40; p = 0.22). Model indices (ΔAIC = 37.1; ΔBIC = 32.7) supported superior predictive performance for serial CAVI. Conclusion Serial CAVI measurements better predict long‐term CV events than a single baseline value. Longitudinal CAVI monitoring may enhance CV risk stratification and support preventive cardiovascular care.
Limpijankit et al. (Mon,) conducted a cohort in Cardiovascular risk (n=3,913). Serial cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measurements vs. Single baseline CAVI measurement was evaluated on Composite of CAD, stroke, or CV death (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.06-2.03, p=0.019). Serial CAVI measurements were independently associated with cardiovascular outcomes (HR 1.47; 95% CI 1.06-2.03; p=0.019), whereas a single baseline measurement was not.