Why the study?
It was unclear whether adding the cardio-ankle vascular index to a risk score improves cardiovascular event prediction in primary prevention.
Does adding the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) to a conventional risk score improve the prediction of cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors but without known cardiovascular diseases?
Does adding the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) to a conventional risk score improve the prediction of cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors but without known cardiovascular diseases?
Adding the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) to conventional risk scores improves the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in primary prevention settings.
May enhance risk stratification in primary prevention; leaves open whether CAVI use improves outcomes or warrants adoption.
Several studies have reported that the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a non-invasive measurement of arterial stiffness, is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular events. We investigated whether adding CAVI to a risk score improves the prediction of cardiovascular events in the setting of primary prevention. This retrospective observational study included consecutive 554 outpatients with cardiovascular disease risk factors but without known cardiovascular disease (68 ± 9 years, 64% men). The CAVI was measured using the VaSera vascular screening system. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) included cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and coronary revascularization. During a median follow-up of 4.3 years, cardiovascular events occurred in 65 patients (11.7%). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that abnormal CAVI (>9.0) was significantly associated with the incidence of MACE (hazard ratio 2.31, 95% confidence interval 1.27−4.18). The addition of CAVI to the Suita score, a conventional risk score for coronary heart disease in Japan, significantly improved the C statics from 0.642 to 0.713 (p = 0.04). In addition to a conventional risk score, CAVI improved the prediction of cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease risk factors but without known cardiovascular diseases.
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Okamoto et al. (2022) studied this question.
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