Key result
In a porcine polytrauma model, the left ventricle showed pronounced histopathological and mRNA/miRNA alterations, whereas the right ventricle showed only minimal reaction to trauma.
Why the study?
Cardiac damage after polytrauma is associated with increased mortality, but histopathological and transcriptomic changes in the right and left ventricles following polytrauma required investigation.
In a porcine polytrauma model, the left ventricle exhibits pronounced histopathological and transcriptomic alterations following trauma, whereas the right ventricle shows minimal reaction.
BACKGROUND: Cardiac damage after polytrauma (PT) is associated with increased mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate histopathological and transcriptomic changes in the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) following PT. METHODS: A porcine PT model was conducted in an ICU setting with a follow-up period of 72 h. The animals were allocated into three groups: Sham, minor multiple trauma MiMT (femur fracture and blunt chest trauma) and major multiple trauma MaMT (MiMT with a pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock). Cardiac damage was assessed via plasma levels of Troponin I and NT-proANP. Histomorphological damage was evaluated according to Heart Injury Score, immunohistochemistry for C5aR1, Nitrotyrosine, Caspase 3 and Connexin 43. mRNA/miRNA expression profiles were identified via NGS. RESULTS: TnI concentrations were elevated in MiMT and MaMT. Histological analyses of the LV revealed increased Nitrotyrosine in MiMT and C5aR1 in MaMT, whereas in the RV, no significant changes were detected. Differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly associated with cell death pathways (MiMT vs. MaMT) in the right ventricle, whereas in the LV, they were predominantly associated with cell death (MiMT vs. MaMT), antigen presentation, chemokine (MaMT vs. Sham), and cytokine signaling (MiMT vs. Sham). miRNA profiles differed strongly between ventricles, with extensive miRNA alterations in the LV (267 MiMT vs. Sham; 261 MaMT vs. Sham) and minimal changes in the RV (2 and 9, respectively). CONCLUSION: The study reveals distinct ventricular responses to PT, with the LV showing pronounced histopathological, mRNA/miRNA alterations, whereas the RV showed only minimal reaction to trauma.
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Weber et al. (2026) studied Polytrauma-induced cardiac damage. Polytrauma (minor and major multiple trauma) vs. Sham was evaluated on Histopathological and transcriptomic changes in the right and left ventricle. In a porcine polytrauma model, the left ventricle showed pronounced histopathological and mRNA/miRNA alterations, whereas the right ventricle showed only minimal reaction to trauma.
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