Smart Domestic Water Heating Coil

Manual monitoring of water temperature during heating is a common practice that exposes users to risks such as burns and scalds. Conventional water heating coils rely entirely on the user to disconnect the power, increasing the likelihood of overheating, electrical faults, and unnecessary energy consumption. This paper presents a smart water heating coil system featuring an automatic cutoff mechanism implemented using a W1209 digital thermostat. The thermostat disconnects the heating coil once the water reaches a predefined setpoint, eliminating the need for manual intervention. The system is further integrated with a custom smart switchboard, which powers the thermostat via a DC adapter and provides a manual ON/OFF control for enhanced user convenience. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed design improves operational safety, prevents temperature-related hazards, reduces energy wastage, and offers a structured, user-friendly interface suitable for intelligent household water heating applications.