Water Pollution and Public Health: Insights From Ayurvedic Literature

Water is the fundamental requirement for life and health. Ayurveda considers water (Jala) as one of the most important life-supporting substances and describes it as "Jeevana" (the sustainer of life). The quality of water directly influences physical health, digestion, immunity, and overall well-being. In modern times, increasing industrialization, urbanization, and environmental degradation have led to severe water pollution, resulting in numerous water-borne diseases. Ancient Ayurvedic texts also describe the concept of polluted water (Dushita Jala), its harmful effects on human health, and preventive measures. This review aims to explore water pollution and its subsequent diseases from both Modern and Ayurvedic perspectives, highlighting the importance of classical Ayurvedic principles in environmental health management. Ayurveda identifies several diseases caused by contaminated water, including digestive disorders, skin diseases, oedema, anaemia, fever, cough, and eye disorders. Understanding these traditional concepts may contribute to modern public health strategies.