Complex Chronic Conditions in the PICU: Single-Center Retrospective Study in Central-Southern China, 2020–2025

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This study aims to describe the distribution of complex chronic conditions (CCCs) in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and identify high-risk patterns for adverse outcomes.
Conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2020 to February 2025.
Analyzed data from 9,589 PICU admissions, focusing on children aged 28 days to 18 years.
Used the Pediatric Complex Chronic Conditions Classification System Version 2 to define CCCs.
49% of admissions had one or more CCCs, accounting for 69.8% of adverse outcomes and 70.8% of in-hospital deaths.
Higher odds of adverse outcomes were found in admissions with multiple CCC diagnoses (p < 0.0001) and specific CCC types like transplantation and metabolic conditions (OR, 6.06 and 5.27, respectively).
The combination of metabolic and malignancy CCC was significantly associated with adverse outcomes (OR, 8.54 [95% CI, 4.48-16.29]).

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Retrospective cohort study reveals high-risk patterns of complex chronic conditions in children, indicating the need for targeted management.

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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.

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