Key result
Both high-intensity interval training and endurance training significantly increased PI3K concentration and Hand2 gene expression, inducing physiological cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
Why the study?
Physical training signals cardiac hypertrophy via PI3K and Hand2, but their role in myocardial hypertrophy after interval versus endurance training required investigation.
Does high-intensity interval training or endurance training induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy and regulate PI3K and Hand2 gene expression in adult male rats?
Does high-intensity interval training or endurance training induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy and regulate PI3K and Hand2 gene expression in adult male rats?
Absolute Event Rate: 6.76% vs 1%
p-value: p=<0.001
Both endurance and high-intensity interval swimming training induce physiological cardiac hypertrophy in rats, accompanied by upregulation of PI3K and Hand2 gene expression, with HIIT being more time-efficient.
Animal data on training-induced hypertrophy warrant no clinical change; leaves open PI3K/Hand2 mechanisms for human translation.
Background: Physical training signals cardiac hypertrophy through PI3K as an upstream and Hand2 gene as a downstream agent. The present study aimed to find the role of PI3K and Hand2 gene in myocardial hypertrophy following interval and endurance training (ET). Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar male rats (210–250 g) randomly divided into control, sham, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and ET group. Swimming time in ET increased incrementally 30–75 min, whereas in HIIT, load/body weight, and time/rest ratio increased within 12 weeks. Heart morphometry, including left ventricle end systolic (LVESV) and Diastolic (LVEDV) volume, LV posterior wall (LVPW), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), fraction shortening (%FS), pure heart weight (HW) and left ventricle weight (LVW), and PI3K and Hand2 gene expression were measured. Results: HW and LVW were significantly more than control after ET ( P < 0.05) and HIIT ( P < 0.05). Both of the training groups demonstrated significantly thicker LVPW ( P < 0.05), SV ( P < 0.05), and %FS ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, PI3K concentration and Hand2 expression significantly increased in ET ( P < 0.001; P < 0.001, respectively) and HIIT ( P < 0.05; P < 0.001, respectively) compared to control. Conclusion: It can be concluded that this training protocol caused physiological hypertrophy in both of ET and HIIT groups, whereas HIIT can be more beneficial because of shorter training time.
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Gharaat et al. (2019) studied Physiological cardiac hypertrophy (n=24). High-intensity interval training and endurance training vs. Control and Sham was evaluated on Hand2 gene expression (change fold) (p=<0.001). Both high-intensity interval training and endurance training significantly increased PI3K concentration and Hand2 gene expression, inducing physiological cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
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