Changes in the Physicochemical Properties of 3D Printing Materials Under the Influence of Various Beverages—An In Vitro Studie

Background/Objectives: 3D printing of removable dentures and temporary crowns and bridges is currently one of the fastest-developing technologies in prosthetic dentistry. However, little is known about the effect of different beverage solutions on the strength and color of 3D-printed denture resins. The study aimed to determine the effect of coffee, red wine, 40% ethyl alcohol, and water (reference samples) on six 3D-printed denture resins (Denture 3D+ (Nexdent); Vita Vionic (Vita), Lucitone Digital Print 3D (Dentsply), DX Denture Flex (Dentex); Formlab Denture Base (Formlabs, Optiprint Dentona). Materials and Methods: Resin samples measuring 3.3 × 10 × 65 mm (144 total) and disks 1 × 20 mm (108 total) were produced using an Asiga printer. The printed materials were then stored in coffee, red wine and distilled water and vodka for 30 days. After this time, they were subjected to a flexural strength (FS) test and the measurement of color change (CC), and compared to reference samples measured before contact with the solutions. One- and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis to compare samples before and after contact with the solutions. Results: The vodka solution affected the materials’ FS—the strength was reduced from 10% (Lucitone) to 88% (Detax). For the sample with the most significant FS reduction, the elastic modulus could not be determined. The largest CCs were observed for coffee (E = 22.66 ± 1.26), and red wine (E = 21.04 ± 0.70), whereas vodka had the least effect on CC (Lucitone E = 1.04 ± 0.41 and Form Labs E = 1.31 ± 0.85). Conclusions: 3D-printed resins are susceptible to the effects of commonly consumed substances, such as coffee, vodka, and red wine. When designing and manufacturing removable prosthetic restorations, it is necessary to carefully consider the dietary habits of patients and the materials from which the removable prosthetics are printed.