To Study the Water Availability and Requirement of Solapur District from A Geographical Perspective

Water is essential for all forms of life and is, therefore, invaluable. Although, a renewable natural resource, water is exhaustible and has multiple uses and hence, various demands. In many areas, semiarid and hard-rock region in Solapur district. Water resources have almost been completely exhausted and now water is not easily available even for drinking purpose. An attempt has been made to study and analyse, the competing availability, and requirement in Solapur district. The demand for water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses in Solapur significantly exceeds the quantity of water available. This has led to conflicts among various uses as well as users of water. Water scarcity is among the main problems to be faced by society, in 21st century. Water scarcity is commonly defined as a situation where water availability in a region is below 10003 per person per year. However, many areas are in Solapur district, which experience much more severe scarcity, living with less than 500 m3 per person per year, which could be considered as severe water scaracity. The threshold of 2000 m3 per person per year is conserved to indicate that a region is water stressed since under these conditions populations face also problems, but whenever, a drought occurs or when man made shortage are being created. However, the concept of water availability based on indicators driven from the renewable water resources divided by the total population should be taken with great care. This simple indicator may not be very meaningful in situation where district make high use of desalination, of non-renewable groundwater resources and waste water reuse to compensate for their scarcity of renewable water. This may also be true for Solapur district, where irrigation water requirement are not large.