Bilateral Myeloid Sarcoma of Breast: A Case Report and Discussion

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) involving the breast is rare. We reviewed a case of a 21-year-old female with palpable masses in the bilateral breasts without medullary acute myeloid leukemia. Ultrasound revealed irregular, indistinct, and complex hypoechoic masses with internal blood flow and hyperechoic halos in the bilateral breasts. A biopsy was subsequently recommended, and MS was confirmed. Further cytogenetic evaluation of breast biopsy specimens demonstrated positive t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) translocation. The patient was admitted for chemotherapy. Subsequent follow-up breast ultrasound following chemotherapy revealed a notable treatment response. This report aims to delineate the ultrasound characteristics of breast MS and the utilization of ultrasound in the evaluation of early response to chemotherapy.