Key result
BP and weight interventions mitigate target organ damage linked to childhood hypertension and obesity.
Why the study?
To review data regarding the association between hypertension and childhood obesity on target organ damage, as well as the impact of interventions on target organ damage.
Do interventions to decrease blood pressure and treat obesity improve target organ damage in children?
Do interventions to decrease blood pressure and treat obesity improve target organ damage in children?
Appropriate screening and management of hypertension and obesity in children can lessen target organ damage and potential future cardiovascular impact.
May warrant closer monitoring in obese hypertensive youth; leaves open intervention effects on target organ damage.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review data regarding the association between hypertension and childhood obesity on target organ damage. We will also review data regarding the impact of intervening on hypertension and childhood obesity on target organ damage. RECENT FINDINGS: The prevalence of hypertension and obesity are rising in children despite efforts to address these risk factors. Health disparities play a role in contributing to the rise in prevalence. Hypertension and obesity promote pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic nervous system which result in adverse effects on blood pressure regulation and renal function. Adverse cardiac, vascular, renal, neurocognitive, and retinal changes can be seen with elevated blood pressure. Recent intervention studies are few, but adequate treatment of hypertension and obesity can result in improvement in target organ damage. Hypertension and obesity have significant impacts upon target organs. Interventions to decrease blood pressure and treat obesity are associated with reductions in left ventricular hypertrophy, improvement in measures of systolic and diastolic function, and improvement in renal outcomes. Appropriate screening and management of these conditions can lessen potential future cardiovascular impact.
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Tran et al. (2025) conducted a review in Hypertension and Obesity. Hypertension and obesity management was evaluated. Hypertension and obesity in children are associated with significant target organ damage, which can be mitigated through appropriate screening and interventions to decrease blood pressure and weight.
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