What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to compare functional and morphological cardiac indices between male and female fetuses using echocardiography.

Sex Differences in Functional and Morphological Fetal Cardiac Indices

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Analytical cross-sectional study compares cardiac indices in male and female fetuses, indicating important implications for screening protocols.

This study aims to compare functional and morphological cardiac indices between male and female fetuses using echocardiography.
Analytical cross-sectional design evaluating 360 fetuses (156 females, 204 males) at 18-19 weeks gestation.
Echocardiographic parameters including aortic and pulmonary annulus diameters and cardiac output were analyzed using independent t-tests.
Aortic annulus diameter was significantly larger in males (5.1±0.39 mm) compared to females (4.89±0.07 mm, P=0.001).
Cardiac output was higher in males (268.48±30.20) than females (246.54±28.67, P<0.001).
Certain congenital heart defects were more prevalent in males, while ASD/VSD were more common in females (P=0.024).

Shabanpour et al. (2024) studied this question.

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Analytical cross-sectional study compares cardiac indices in male and female fetuses, indicating important implications for screening protocols.