Age-Related Arterial Stiffening Is Associated with a Body Shape Index and Lean Body Mass Index: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Healthy Japanese Population

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Age was linearly associated with increased arterial stiffness, an effect partially mediated by a body shape index and estimated lean body mass index.

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cohort. Population: Healthy Japanese population (n=13672). Intervention: Age and anthropometric indices (ABSI, eLBMI). Primary outcome: Total effect of age on cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in men (total effect 0.783, 95% CI 0.763-0.802, p=<0.001).

Daiji Nagayama; Yasuhiro Watanabe; Kentaro Fujishiro; Kenji Suzuki; Masahiro Ohira; Kohji Shirai; Atsuhito Saiki

doi:10.1159/000543791

January 27, 2025Obesity FactsOpen Access

Age-Related Arterial Stiffening Is Associated with a Body Shape Index and Lean Body Mass Index: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Healthy Japanese Population

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Key result

Aging is linearly linked to higher arterial stiffness, partially mediated by body composition indices.

total effect 0.783
95% CI 0.763-0.802
P<0.001
n=13,672

Figures

Why the study?

Several anthropometric indices reflect cardiometabolic risks, but the relationship of body composition with arterial stiffness remains unclear.

Are age-related anthropometric changes associated with progression of arterial stiffness in healthy individuals?

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=13,672)

Structured PICO

Are age-related anthropometric changes associated with progression of arterial stiffness in healthy individuals?

P

Population

13,672 healthy Japanese individuals without metabolic disorders or cardiovascular disease, evaluated cross-sectionally, with a subset of 5,118 followed longitudinally for 4 years.

E

Exposure

Age and anthropometric changes (A Body Shape Index [ABSI], estimated lean body mass index [eLBMI])

O

Outcome

Arterial stiffness assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)surrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: total effect 0.783 (95% CI 0.763-0.802)

p-value: p=<0.001

A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and estimated lean body mass reflect age-related arterial stiffening, highlighting the potential interrelation between central adiposity, skeletal muscle preservation, and vascular aging.

Limitations

Lean body mass assessed by eLBMI is less accurate than dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Did not consider new-onset metabolic disorders during the 4-year study period.
Possibility of selection bias in enrollment of health screening participants (may be more health conscious).
Lean body mass assessed by eLBMI is less accurate than DXA
Did not consider new-onset metabolic disorders during the 4-year study period
Selection bias in health screening participants

Implication

ABSI and eLBMI may aid age-related stiffness risk assessment; hypothesis-generating for causal effects and interventions.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Several anthropometric indices reflecting cardiometabolic risks have been developed, but the relationship of body composition with arterial stiffness remains unclear. We aimed to determine the interaction between age-related anthropometric changes and progression of arterial stiffness. METHODS: This research analyzed cross-sectional data (N = 13,672) and 4-year longitudinal data (N = 5,118) obtained from a healthy Japanese population without metabolic disorders. The relationship of age with anthropometric indices comprising estimated lean body mass index (eLBMI), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and a body shape index (ABSI) was examined. The mediating effects of the indices on the association between age and arterial stiffness assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) were analyzed. RESULTS: Unlike BMI and WC, ABSI (Rs = 0.284) and CAVI (Rs = 0.733) showed a positive linear relationship with aging in stratified analyses. Especially in the middle-older age groups, eLBMI showed a declining trend with aging. An increase in ABSI was associated with a decrease in eLBMI, whereas increase in BMI or WC was related to increased eLBMI. In cross-sectional analyses, age was associated with CAVI, partially mediated by ABSI or eLBMI after adjusting confounders. Baseline CAVI correlated negatively with 4-year change in (Δ)eLBMI (Rs = -0.120 in men, -0.161 in women). ΔCAVI correlated negatively with ΔeLBMI (Rs = -0.031). CONCLUSION: ABSI is a modifiable index that well reflects age-related changes in arterial stiffness and body composition including lean body mass. Since arterial stiffening may cause skeletal muscle loss, potentially creating a vicious cycle, prioritizing CAVI and anthropometric indices in clinical practice may be a useful strategy.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Nagayama et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Healthy Japanese population (n=13,672). Age and anthropometric indices (ABSI, eLBMI) was evaluated on Total effect of age on cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) in men (total effect 0.783, 95% CI 0.763-0.802, p=<0.001). Age was linearly associated with increased arterial stiffness, an effect partially mediated by a body shape index and estimated lean body mass index.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a3dc306e67a1dc2fe0aee72 https://doi.org/10.1159/000543791

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Age-Related Arterial Stiffening Is Associated with a Body Shape Index and Lean Body Mass Index: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Healthy Japanese Population

Figures

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Age-Related Arterial Stiffening Is Associated with a Body Shape Index and Lean Body Mass Index: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Healthy Japanese Population

Figures

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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