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Research demonstrates that students' pre-existing beliefs about hazing and sexual assault can influence campus safety, highlighting the need for early prevention efforts.
A recent Psychology of Violence study suggests some students arrive on campus already holding beliefs that normalize hazing and downplay sexual assault. For campus safety leaders, the finding has a practical implication: prevention cannot begin solely at orientation, because some of the risk factors linked to violence may be in place before students ever set foot on campus.
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Halley Sutton (2026) studied this question.
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