The Yemenite Jews under Ottoman rule (1872–1914): relations, networks, and migration

The article examines the position of Yemenite Jews under Ottoman rule between 1872 and 1914 through three interconnected themes: relations, networks, and migration. Drawing primarily on underutilized Ottoman archival sources, the analysis examines changes in the social, legal and political conditions of the Jewish community following the re-establishment of Ottoman authority in Yemen. The present study places particular emphasis on the analysis of Ottoman correspondence, with a view to exploring interactions with Zaydi Muslim communities and provincial authorities, as well as contacts with European Jewish organizations. The text further explores the phenomenon of migration to Palestine, contextualizing it within the broader geopolitical landscape, marked by instances of political instability, economic hardship, and prevailing security concerns.