Numerical investigation of curved solar panel performance under solar radiation using nanofluid flow and advanced thermal conductivity models

Advanced thermal-conductivity models are employed to assess solar energy performance by analyzing experimental data on nanofluids containing graphene oxide (GO), ionic liquid (IL), and water (H2O). Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations have been used to assess improvements in energy efficiency for solar-powered heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Nanofluids (NF) are used in this study to investigate heat transfer in HVAC systems, specifically in the parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) arrangement. The Xue thermal conductivity model (XTCM) and the Yamada-Ota thermal conductivity model (YOTCM) have been used to achieve more effective results in thermal energy systems. By utilizing the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM), the transformed system of equations has been solved. The 5% nanoparticle volume fraction, using the Xue model, enhances thermal efficiency to 47.4%, while the Yamada-Ota model yields an enhancement of 54.6%.